There comes a time when you are writing a program and you need to branch based on input to a program.
This is the format of the if/else statement in Python.
if <some true/false statement> : <some statements that run if the if statement is true> else: <some other statements that run if the if statement are false>
There may be times when you have more than one value set to test against. In that case you can write a many if/else
statements but you can chain the if/else statements with an elif. So the chain becomes if/elif/else.
if x < 5: <some statements that run if the if statement is true> elif x > 5 and x < 10: <some statements that run if the elif statement is true> else: <if none of the if checks are true, run the statements in the else case.>